![]() Local cattle breeds are usually best suited for draft work because they are well adapted to the local climate, food and diseases. He weighs at least 400 kg when grown up and has the stamina to do draft work for up to six hours a day. He has a wide, deep chest, prominent hump and straight back and legs. The ideal draft animal is a healthy, docile male castrate (an ox) of local breed. ![]() At that weight, one pair of suitable draft cattle is heavy enough to pull a plough working at 20 cm depth or a ridger. ![]() If they are well fed and properly cared for, they will grow into well built animals with a live weight of 400 kg or more at the age of five years. The suitable ones must be selected at the age of two to three years, when they are still growing. Not all cattle are suitable for draft work. government's services or projects promote and support farmers the use of draft cattleġ.1.1 Suitable Cattle Breeds for Draft Animal Useġ.1.3 What Does The Body of Good Draft Cattle Look Like (Conformation) suitable local animals are available in the vicinity of the novice farmer a farmer already owns cattle for milk and beef production Project, SECAP, Lushoto Tanzania and GTZ Eschborn, 1986.Ĭattle will do well and are recommended as draft animals where: Caring for the Land of the Usambaras Soil Erosion Control and Agroforestly Jones, P A Donkey Selection, Care and Training Agricultural Engineering Training Centre,ĪETC Manuals on Draft Cattle Selection, Care and Training, Plowing and Crop Maintenance using Draft Animals Agricultural Engineering Training Centre, Harare and GTZ Eschborn, Primary School Agriculture Teachers' Manuals 1 - 5 ĭeutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit, 1980įAO, The Employment of Draft Animals in Agriculture Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 1972. INADES, Better Farming Series A series of booklets about all aspects of practical farming įood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 1970.īergmann, H. The following publications were used for reference, information and illustration of the manual: The specific drawings of animals, crops people and cultivation techniques, indigenous to the NWP of Cameroon serve as practical examples which should be easily adapted. It is therefore not possible to include every aspect of regional agroecological and cultural variation. It now has a far more widespread application throughout tropical Africa and it covers a wide range of rural agricultural and livestock topics. This handbook spans 20 years of development policy and approaches and its style reflects the changing target audiences, from simple rural farmers of the NW Province of Cameroon to agricultural professionals in West Africa. NorthWest Province through its distribution by GATE/ISAT, where it has become popular as a reference book for people who are practically involved in agriculture, farmers and extension workers throughout West Africa. In the meantime the book has found a much wider audience beyond the boundaries of the ![]() The most recent addition is the Part on donkeys which are becoming increasingly important as draft animals in Africa. Over the years, the focus of the project changed from introducing the use of draft animals to encouraging the development of permanent farming systems employing draft animals and the project name changed to Promotion of Adapted Farming Systems based on Animal Traction, PAFSAT.Ĭonsequently Handbook Parts dealing with crops, soil, the permanent farming system, vegetables and farm management were added and amended in the subsequent editions. The Oxen Project was initiated by Wum Area Development Authority, WADA. The first version, the WADA Oxfarmers' Handbook, was produced in 1982 as a guide for the basic training of farmers of the North West Province of Cameroon, in the use of oxen. At the present, he is a freelance consultant for animal traction technology, project planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation based at Tanga, Tanzania. He continued with GTZ at the Agricultural Engineering Training Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe, an in-service training centre for agricultural extension staff and has worked for the last seven years in Tanga Region, Tanzania, managing the Regional Draft Animal Project. He first became involved with draft animals in the North West Province, Cameroon, where he wrote the first edition of this book. The author: René Fischer studied agriculture and animal science at ETH Zürich. Permanent Farming Systems based on Animal TractionĪ Publication of Deutsches Zentrum für Entwicklungstechnologien - GATEĪ division of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, 1995
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